ShippingFedEx International Buyers - Please Note:Import duties, taxes, and charges are not included in the item price or shipping cost. These charges are the buyers responsibility. Please check with your countrys customs office to determine what these additional costs will be prior to bidding or buying.

ZustandsbeschreibungEs gibt keine Probleme mit der Bedienung. Einzelheiten entnehmen Sie bitte den Fotos.Bitte beachten Sie Versand aus Japan. Politik ZahlungIhnen stehen verschiedene Zahlungsarten auf Basis von eBay Managed Payments zur Verfügung. Einfuhrzölle, Steuern und Gebühren sind nicht im Artikelpreis oder den Versandkosten enthalten. Diese Gebühren gehen zu Lasten des Käufers.Stornierungen und RücksendungenStornierungen oder Rücksendungen werden nur akzeptiert, wenn ein offensichtliches, nicht angegebenes Problem mit dem Artikel vorliegt. In diesem Fall kontaktieren Sie uns bitte innerhalb von 3 Tagen nach Erhalt des Produkts. Bei gebrauchten Artikeln ist die Rücksendung kostenfrei. Bitte beachten Sie, dass bei neuen Produkten die Kosten für die Rücksendung von Ihnen zu tragen sind.Internationale KäuferEinfuhrzölle, Steuern und Gebühren sind nicht im Artikelpreis oder den Versandkosten enthalten. Diese Gebühren gehen zu Lasten des Käufers. Bitte erkundigen Sie sich vor der Gebotsabgabe/dem Kauf beim Zollamt Ihres Landes, wie hoch diese zusätzlichen Kosten sind. Diese Gebühren werden normalerweise von der liefernden Frachtfirma (Versandfirma) oder bei der Abholung des Artikels erhoben. Verwechseln Sie sie nicht mit zusätzlichen Versandkosten.VersandEconomy-Versand ? Japanische Post Expressversand ? mit Sendungsverfolgung Unternehmen, das Fedex, DHL oder EMS (Japan Post) verwendet

Shipping Expedited Shipping (FedEx , DHL) The package will arrive 1-3 days after shipment. (We usually ship out your order within 3-10 working days after receiving your payment.) International Buyers - Please Note: Import duties, taxes, and charges are not included in the item price or shipping cost. These charges are the buyers responsibility. Please check with your countrys customs office to determine what these additional costs will be prior to bidding or buying. If there is a remote charge for your address, we will charge you for additional shipping. Thank you for your understanding.

Sony SDP-EP9ES AC-3 Digital Surround Processor Preamp Remote and Manual CLEAN! Clean sounding processor/preamp, has original remote and a copy of the manual. Very clean and sounds great. Please note the following condition: 1. No dead pixels on the display, and all indicators lights up 2. No static sounds when buttons are pressed, and volume knob rotates without issue 3. The case’s cover has few scratches, nothing major, as shown in the photo. No scratches to the face, but are hardly noticeable, and cosmetically it looks to be about 9.5 out of 10 in appearance 4. Remote works great Please review the photos for information. No warranty, no return, I’m selling it AS-IS. Shipping Info and Other Info: The auction item is sold AS-IS. All information related to the auction item is fully disclosed to the best of the seller’s ability.

ShippingPlease select the delivery method from the following. Expedited shippingDelivery method: DHLorFedExorJapanPost*It will arrive in 3 -7 days.*With tracking number and insurance. Characteristics of the store *In order to deliver packages safely to overseas customers, we pack them carefully and deliver the products safely. *We will ship the item as soon as it is ready. *To satisfy all customers, we will respond to individual inquiries politely and promptly.International Buyers - Please Note Import duties, taxes, and charges are not included in the item price or shipping cost. These charges are the buyers responsibility. Please check with your countrys customs office to determine what these additional costs will be prior to bidding or buying. 1.Notes (Please read before purchasing.) *If the buyers address is a remote location, an additional $25 is required. The voltage of the electronic device on display is 100 VAC, a Japanese product. If you use the voltage in your country, we recommend using a transformer.

VersandBitte wählen Sie nachfolgend die Versandart aus. ExpressversandVersandmethode: DHLoderFedExoderJapanPost*Es wird in 3–7 Tagen eintreffen.*Mit Trackingnummer und Versicherung. Eigenschaften des Ladens *Um Pakete sicher an Kunden im Ausland zuzustellen, verpacken wir sie sorgfältig und liefern die Produkte sicher aus. *Wir versenden den Artikel, sobald er fertig ist. *Um alle Kunden zufrieden zu stellen, beantworten wir individuelle Anfragen höflich und zeitnah.Internationale Käufer - Bitte beachten Einfuhrzölle, Steuern und Gebühren sind nicht im Artikelpreis oder den Versandkosten enthalten. Diese Gebühren gehen zu Lasten des Käufers. Bitte erkundigen Sie sich beim Zollamt Ihres Landes, wie hoch diese zusätzlichen Kosten sind, bevor Sie ein Gebot abgeben oder einen Kauf tätigen. 1.Hinweise (Bitte vor dem Kauf lesen.) *Wenn sich die Adresse des Käufers an einem abgelegenen Ort befindet, werden zusätzliche 25 $ benötigt. Die Spannung des ausgestellten elektronischen Geräts beträgt 100 VAC, ein japanisches Produkt. Wenn Sie die Spannung in Ihrem Land verwenden, empfehlen wir den Einsatz eines Transformators.

Sony SDP-EP9ESDescriptionThis item is second hand. There are some scratches but no problems with operation. This is completely working.Please check item specifics and photos carefully.Please feel free to contact us if you have any questions.ShippingWe always send the item with a tracking number. So please place an order without any concern on delivery. You can always track the delivery status.Shipping is only available to the address registered in eBay. If you want us to send another address, please change your address on eBay and then place an order.Shipping is available from Monday to Friday. Weekends are not available because freight (shipping) companies are closed.We do not mark merchandise values below value or mark items as gifts - Japan, US and International government regulations prohibit such behavior.About Importers ObligationImport duties, taxes, and charges are not included in the item price or shipping cost. These charges are the buyers responsibility. Please check with your countrys customs office to determine what these additional costs will be prior to bidding or buying. Thank you for your understanding.

Sony SDP-EP9ESBeschreibungDieser Artikel ist gebraucht. Es sind einige Kratzer vorhanden, aber es gibt keine Probleme beim Betrieb. Das funktioniert vollkommen.Bitte überprüfen Sie die Artikelspezifikationen und Fotos sorgfältig.Bei Fragen können Sie sich gerne an uns wenden.VersandWir versenden den Artikel immer mit einer Trackingnummer. Geben Sie also bitte eine Bestellung auf, ohne sich Sorgen hinsichtlich der Lieferung machen zu müssen. Den Lieferstatus können Sie jederzeit verfolgen.Ein Versand ist nur an die bei eBay hinterlegte Adresse möglich. Wenn Sie möchten, dass wir Ihnen eine andere Adresse senden, ändern Sie bitte Ihre Adresse bei eBay und geben Sie dann eine Bestellung auf.Der Versand erfolgt von Montag bis Freitag. An Wochenenden ist keine Verfügbarkeit gegeben, da die Frachtunternehmen (Versandunternehmen) geschlossen sind.Wir kennzeichnen Waren nicht mit einem Wert unter dem Wert und kennzeichnen Artikel auch nicht als Geschenke. Ein solches Verhalten ist gemäß den staatlichen Vorschriften in Japan, den USA und auf internationaler Ebene verboten.Über die Pflichten des ImporteursEinfuhrzölle, Steuern und Gebühren sind nicht im Artikelpreis oder den Versandkosten enthalten. Diese Gebühren gehen zu Lasten des Käufers. Bitte erkundigen Sie sich beim Zollamt Ihres Landes, wie hoch diese zusätzlichen Kosten sind, bevor Sie ein Gebot abgeben oder einen Kauf tätigen. Vielen Dank für Ihr Verständnis.

Hi, used for sale Sony SDP-EP90ES Digital Surround Processor, one front channel non working, so sold as defective unit, for spare/repair. comes unit only, without accessories. Post to all Worldwide

Hi, for sale used Sony SDP-EP90ES Digital Surround Processor, one front channel non working, so sold as defect unit, for spare/repair. comes only unit, without accessories. Post to all Worldwide

SONY Sony Surround Processor SDP-EP9ES goodDescriptionAll products are 100% authentic.Shipping We ship using Fedex.International Buyers - Please Note:Import duties and taxes are not included in the item price or shipping cost. Please check with your country’s customs office to determine these additional costs prior to bidding or buying.

EXCELLENT COSMETIC CONDITION. UNIT IS FULLY FUNCTIONING, THE DISPLAY IS BRIGHT AND CLEAR, ALL INPUTS WORKING. REALLY WELL MADE 90s SONY ES. PLEASE READ BELOW FOR THE FULL BREAKDOWN OF ALL OF THE FUNCTIONS This is a Dolby digital processor equipped with digital cinema sound that brings together Sonys digital technologies.Digital Cinema SoundIt is equipped with Digital Cinema Sound technology, which was proposed taking advantage of the development environment unique to Sony.The SDP-EP9ES has two modes : Cinema Studio mode and Virtual 3D mode.Cinema Studio ModeCinema Studio Mode is a mode that reproduces the sound of a mixing studio where a sound designer creates the sound of a movie. Three different types of studios are selected from the studios owned by Sony Pictures Entertainment and installed as Cinema Studios A, B and C.Cinema Studio A reflects the sound characteristics of Cary Grant Theater, Sony Pictures Entertainments most traditional theater, which has the same volume as a regular medium-sized theater, with a permanent 360 channel input and 72 mix-out console, as well as a state-of-the-art digital hard disk recorder.In this editing theater, movies by American President and The Fan were edited.Cinema Studio B is based on the Kim Novak Theater, a Hollywood studio with state-of-the-art audio equipment that supports all currently available output-valued movie sound formats, as well as sound design for CG and other new staging images.Movies such as Jumanji were edited in this editing theater.Cinema Studio C reproduces the acoustic characteristics of a scoring studio that records music such as background music of movies.It has sound field characteristics suitable for viewing musical works and movies with much music, and gone with the wind music was also recorded in this studio.Virtual 3D ModeIn the virtual 3D mode, the sound field unique to a movie theater can be created more actively by making full use of 3D acoustic technology.SDP-EP9ES is equipped with four modes : virtual multi-rear mode, virtual rear-shift mode, and virtual enhanced surround mode A/B.In Virtual Multi-Rear mode, a single set of rear speakers can be used to create a sound field that looks like a large number of rear speakers. This allows you to create a sound field that feels like being wrapped in sound that can only be experienced in a movie theater with multi-rear speakers.There are two possible locations for the rear speaker. When the rear speaker is placed next to the speaker, the sound field is created as if multiple speakers are placed behind the speaker, and when the rear speaker is placed behind the speaker, the sound field is created as if multiple speakers are placed in front of the speaker.In virtual rear shift mode, you can enjoy a large scale surround space.In this mode, the sound source is moved virtually to a non-existent position, so that the sound source is positioned virtually as if it is located past the wall, even if there is a wall. Specifically, you can enjoy the feeling that the room is wider in the back.The Virtual Enhanced Surround mode allows the rear sound to be positioned to the rear with only the front speaker, and it is very effective when the installation of the rear speaker is difficult.There are two variations of this mode, A/B. Type A allows you to locate multiple virtual rear sound images in the rear, and type B allows you to locate them in the rear.OtherIn order to reproduce the sound fields of concert halls and live houses, other DSP modes are also installed.The decoder circuit uses a high-precision 24-bit DSP using the latest process.This DSP can perform all internal operations with a precision of more than 24 bits (24 bits x24 bits = 56 bits). With an operation capacity of 44 million operations per second, it maintains sufficient precision for decoding Dolby Digital, which repeats complex calculations. This enables sound reproduction taking advantage of the 120 db dynamic range of Dolby Digital.In addition, this DSP consumes relatively little power and generates relatively little noise, thus minimizing the influence on analog circuits.Equipped with bus redirection function.Since l, C, R, SL c, R, SL, and SR signals have a bandwidth of 3 Hz to 20 kHz, so it is ideal to use a speaker with a wide playback bandwidth for all speakers. However, since it is often difficult to install a speaker in reality due to space limitations, a bus redirection function has been formatted so that the low frequencies can be assigned to other speakers so that the system configuration can be adjusted. For example, when a small rear speaker is used, only the low frequencies in the rear can be extracted and assigned to a speaker such as a subwoofer.The SDP-EP9ES supports all 16 possible combinations of front large / small, center large / small, rear large / small and with / without sub-woofers. In addition, the crossover network processing for low-pass extraction is done in the DSP with 24-bit digital processing at the digital stage to minimize sound quality degradation.The newly developed digital i-volume is mounted on the volume.The digital i-volume is designed to control the current value of the reference current source of the current pulse D/A converter mounted as a D/A converter with the output of a static D/A controlled by a microcomputer. This allows the overall volume to be adjusted arbitrarily while maintaining the resolution of the digital data. Not only the overall volume but also the balance adjustment is processed in the digital domain.The volume on the front panel is connected to a microcomputer for volume position detection, and there is no analog volume on the audio line, including the volume for balance adjustment between channels.Equipped with a jitter-free D/A converter system.A digital signal processor such as a processor extracts a clock signal sent from a source device, generates a master clock in synchronization with the extracted clock signal, and operates a D/A converter. However, the clock signal sent from the source device may contain jitter, which adversely affects sound quality. In the past, an analog PLL circuit was used to extract the clock signal and compensate for jitter in order to reduce this effect. However, even if the compensation is performed, the signal basically follows the input signal.In order to solve this problem, the SDP-EP9ES separates the input clock and the master clock of the D/A converter. As a result, the D/A converter operates on its own master clock and is free from jitter. By performing stable D/A conversion, excellent sound quality is obtained.All six channels, including the subwoofer, use circuits of the same quality.The D/A converter employs a full feed-forward digital filter and 6-channel independent current-pulse D/A converter. In order to achieve high-quality D/A conversion in the SDP-EP9ES, the D/A converter occupies approximately two-thirds of the main circuit board.In digital filters, the first complementary data is generated at an intermediate point between the data obtained from the disk and the data, and the second complementary data is generated using the generated data. The digital filters are connected in three stages. However, the generated complementary data contains much finer values than the original data than the original data, so if it is passed to the next stage as it is, the circuit scale becomes large. In conventional digital filters, the low-order bits of the calculation result are rounded off and only the high-order bits are passed to the next stage. Therefore, requantization noise occurs due to rounding errors.In the full feed-forward method digital filter, the rounded lower bits are transmitted by another route, stored in memory, and combined with the result of the next stage operation. By performing full feed-forward operation, the over-sampling operation that also reflects the lower bit data is realized, thereby almost completely eliminating the requantization noise within the audible band.The Pulse D/A converter converts the input digital data into a high-density pulse train and passes the resulting pulse train through a low-pass filter to reproduce the audio signal. However, since the voltage value representing the height of the pulse train is the power supply voltage applied to the D/A converter IC, fluctuations in the power supply voltage affect the pulse output. Moreover, noise generated by the digital arithmetic circuit inside the D/A converter appears as noise in the pulse output and affects sound quality.In the current pulse D/A converter, a stable and clean current source is prepared first, and a current pulse is generated by switching using the output of the pulse generator. The current pulse thus obtained is free from voltage fluctuations and is not affected by the voltage noise of the arithmetic circuit.Each of the front, center and rear channels has its own digital tone controller that allows you to adjust the high and low tone in the digital domain. In addition, you can set the turnover frequency to any point in the extended menu mode. There is also a base boost function that increases the impact of the low tone with one touch.These processes are performed by a 24-bit precision DSP similar to the decoding of Dolby Digital.A bypass input terminal is mounted.When the power supply is OFF or when BYPASS is selected with the input selector, the signal of the device connected to the bypass input terminal can be output as it is.A FB chassis is used for the chassis.The FB chassis is made of metal material with sufficient strength and thickness, and the entire chassis is firmly fixed as one box by the frame (Frame) and the beam (Beam) that is passed to the left and right (Beam). In addition, members with different natural vibration modes are combined by using different shapes and sizes to cancel each other natural vibration and greatly reduce the vibration of the entire chassis.The internal beam also acts as a shield that separates the power transformer from the circuit board, preventing interference with the audio signal.An eccentric insulator is used for the legs.This insulator has a screw hole that avoids the center position, changing the phase of the transmitted vibration, and canceling it makes it difficult for the vibration to be transmitted to the chassis.The power transformer is quite large for a processor which is a low-power device.Most operations can be performed with two rotary encoders, Menu and + / -, to improve operability.

Shipping Expedited Shipping (FedEx , DHL) The package will arrive 1-3 days after shipment. (We usually ship out your order within 3-10 working days after receiving your payment.) International Buyers - Please Note: Import duties, taxes, and charges are not included in the item price or shipping cost. These charges are the buyers responsibility. Please check with your countrys customs office to determine what these additional costs will be prior to bidding or buying. If there is a remote charge for your address, we will charge you for additional shipping. Thank you for your understanding.

ShippingDHL or FedEx or Japan Post. International Buyers - Please Note:Import duties, taxes, and charges are not included in the item price or shipping cost. These charges are the buyers responsibility. Please check with your countrys customs office to determine what these additional costs will be prior to bidding or buying.

Sony SDP-EP9ESDescriptionThis item is second hand. There are some scratches but no problems with operation. This is completely working.Please check item specifics and photos carefully.Please feel free to contact us if you have any questions.ShippingWe always send the item with a tracking number. So please place an order without any concern on delivery. You can always track the delivery status.Shipping is only available to the address registered in eBay. If you want us to send another address, please change your address on eBay and then place an order.Shipping is available from Monday to Friday. Weekends are not available because freight (shipping) companies are closed.We do not mark merchandise values below value or mark items as gifts - Japan, US and International government regulations prohibit such behavior.About Importers ObligationImport duties, taxes, and charges are not included in the item price or shipping cost. These charges are the buyers responsibility. Please check with your countrys customs office to determine what these additional costs will be prior to bidding or buying. Thank you for your understanding.

Offered is a OEM Sony RM-EP9 Surround Processor remote control with two new AA Energizer batteries. This remote works with the Sony SDP-EP9ES Digital Signal Processor. Condition is used - this remote is super clean - shows very little use. Battery compartment is clean and corrosion free - see images. Battery cover slides on/off/locks in place as it should. With batteries the front red IR light comes on when buttons are pushed. Including to fresh Energizer AA batteries so you are good to go. Please view all images as this is the exact item you will receive. Shipping is included. MY TERMS: Shipping is included for postage via USPS Ground Advantage - packed with bubble wrap, mailed in a padded envelope. Tracking will populate in your Purchased Items list once I print the shipping label. I ship every weekday, however, items purchased/won on a Friday - Sunday will be mailed the following Monday. Bid with confidence, I have been an eBay user for over 20 years as both a buyer and seller, over 1000 positive feedback - never a problem! Shipping to a U.S.A. address only, sorry but I do not ship to Canada, APO/FPO, or U.S. Territory. I DO NOT ship to forwarding services that circumvent the eBay Global Shipping Program. If your address is non-residential and appears to be a forwarding service, I will cancel the order and issue a refund. If you have any questions, please ask prior to bidding/buying. Thank you for checking out my item! No returns, all sales are final! 4J1W

Unit turns on and all the knobs work, unit is sold as is. Enhance your home audio experience with this Sony SDP-EP9ES Digital Surround Processor. It offers high-quality digital surround sound and is perfect for movie nights or parties. The processor is compatible with various devices and has a user-friendly interface to make it easy to use. This digital surround processor from Sony is a perfect addition to your home audio setup. It provides an immersive audio experience and is designed to work seamlessly with your existing Sony devices. Upgrade your audio experience today with this Sony SDP-EP9ES Digital Surround Processor.

Sony SDP-EP9ES Digital Surround Processor. Powers up, menus work Tested outputs with built in test tone. Did not have dolby content to test.

Sony SDP-EP9ES digital surround processor / DSP. A nice and fully-featured unit. Tested, works 100%. No remote, sadly. I will pack and ship with utmost care - Buy With Confidence!

Sony SDP-EP9ES + tested works+ AC-3 untested+ scuffs+ no remote 30 day returns OK. No additional accessories included, such as a TOSLINK cable. We can only ship items and respond to messages Monday-Friday. Please contact us immediately if you have any questions, or if there are any issues.

Der Sony Surround Processor SDP-EP90ES ist ein High-End-Audio-Prozessor mit 7.1-Kanal-Surround-Sound. Mit seinen zahlreichen Eingängen und Ausgängen eignet er sich perfekt für Heimkinosysteme und bietet eine beeindruckende Klangqualität. Der SDP-EP90ES verfügt über eine Vielzahl von Funktionen wie Dolby Digital, DTS und Pro Logic II, um ein immersives Film- und Musik-Erlebnis zu schaffen. Die intuitive Fernbedienung und das benutzerfreundliche Display machen die Bedienung einfach und bequem. Der Surround Processor ist gebraucht, aber in für das Alter gutem Zustand und voll funktionsfähig.

With this Surround Processor you can turn your living room into a movie theatre or monitor your surround sound mixes in the studio

Sony Digital Prozessor Sdp-Ep9EsDas Datenblatt dieses Produkts wurde ursprünglich auf Englisch verfasst. Unten finden Sie eine automatische Übersetzung ins Deutsche. Sollten Sie irgendwelche Fragen haben, kontaktieren Sie uns.ZahlungSeien Sie versichert, dass unser Geschäft verschiedene Zahlungsmethoden anbietet.Bitte zahlen Sie innerhalb von 5 Tagen nach Auktionsende.Über unsWir sind in Japan ansässig. Überprüfen Sie bei elektrischen Produkten den Hersteller und das Produkt und rechnen Sie die Spannung in das jeweilige Land um. Wir planen den Versand per FedEx oder DHL. Bitte kontaktieren Sie uns, da sich die Versandkosten in einigen Fällen ändern können. Es ist uns eine Freude, Sie mit der Unterbreitung unserer empfohlenen Artikel glücklich zu machen.Wenn Sie Fragen oder Wünsche zu den Artikeln haben, können Sie sich jederzeit an uns wenden.Internationale Käufer - Bitte beachten Sie:-Einfuhrzölle, Steuern und Gebühren sind nicht im Artikelpreis oder den Versandkosten enthalten. Diese Gebühren gehen zu Lasten des Käufers.- Bitte erkundigen Sie sich vor der Gebotsabgabe/dem Kauf beim Zollamt Ihres Landes, wie hoch diese zusätzlichen Kosten sein werden.- Diese Gebühren werden normalerweise von der liefernden Frachtfirma (Versandfirma) oder bei der Abholung des Artikels erhoben. Verwechseln Sie sie nicht mit zusätzlichen Versandkosten.- Wir kennzeichnen Waren nicht mit einem Wert unter dem Wert und kennzeichnen Artikel auch nicht als Geschenke. Die US-amerikanischen und internationalen Regierungsvorschriften verbieten ein solches Verhalten.]]>Wir sind in Japan ansässig. Überprüfen Sie bei elektrischen Produkten den Hersteller und das Produkt und rechnen Sie die Spannung in das jeweilige Land um. Wir planen den Versand per FedEx oder DHL. Bitte kontaktieren Sie uns, da sich die Versandkosten in einigen Fällen ändern können. -Einfuhrzölle, Steuern und Gebühren sind nicht im Artikelpreis oder den Versandkosten enthalten. Diese Gebühren gehen zu Lasten des Käufers. - Diese Gebühren werden normalerweise von der liefernden Frachtfirma (Versandfirma) oder bei der Abholung des Artikels erhoben. Verwechseln Sie sie nicht mit zusätzlichen Versandkosten. - Wir kennzeichnen Waren nicht mit einem Wert unter dem Wert und kennzeichnen Artikel auch nicht als Geschenke. Die US-amerikanischen und internationalen Regierungsvorschriften verbieten Plug Regional Fitment NA Audio Outputs NA Storage Capacity NA Country/Region of Manufacture NA Unit Quantity NA CD Changer Capacity NA Type NA Brand Sony Item Width NA Generation NA Surround Sound Formats NA Connectivity NA California Prop 65 Warning NA Item Length NA Screen Size NA Year Manufactured NA Unit Type NA Country Japan UPC NA Item Weight NA Playable Media Format NA Manufacturer Warranty NA Model NA Audio Inputs NA Item Height NA Features NA MPN NA Memory Type NA Color NA RMS Power NA Product Line NA

PaymentRest assured that our store offers a variety of payment methods.Please pay within 5 days after auction is finished. About UsWe are located in Japan.For electrical products check the manufacturer and product and convert to the voltage of each country.We plan to ship by FedEx or DHL.Please contact us as the shipping fee can be changed in some cases. Its our pleasure to make you happy by proposing our recommend item.If you have any questions or request about items please feel free to ask us. International Buyers - Please Note:-Import duties taxes and charges are not included in the item price or shipping charges. These charges are the buyers responsibility.-Please check with your countrys customs office to determine what these additional costs will be prior to bidding/buying.-These charges are normally collected by the delivering freight (shipping) company or when you pick the item up - do not confuse them for additional shipping charges.-We do not mark merchandise values below value or mark items as - gifts - The US and International government regulations prohibit such behavior.>